Complete U.S. Penny Coin List (1793–2026): History, Mintage, Values, Price Guide & Collector Facts

The U.S. penny, officially known as the one-cent coin, has played an important role in American numismatic history since the first federal cents were struck in 1793. Over more than two centuries, the penny has undergone remarkable changes in size, metal composition, design, minting technology, and production locations. Early American cents were large copper coins featuring symbolic images of Liberty, while later generations introduced famous designs such as the Flying Eagle cent, Indian Head cent, Wheat penny, Lincoln Memorial cent, and Lincoln Shield cent.

For coin collectors, U.S. pennies can be worth considerably more than their original one-cent face value. A penny's market price can depend on its date, mint mark, mintage, condition, grade, rarity, metal composition, die variety, and minting errors. Popular collectible categories include low-mintage key dates, doubled-die pennies, repunched mint marks, off-center strikes, transitional metal errors, proof coins, and exceptionally well-preserved Mint State examples. Some of the rarest and most valuable U.S. pennies have achieved prices reaching thousands or even hundreds of thousands of dollars at major auctions.

Complete U.S. Penny Coin List (1793–2026): Mintage, Rarity and Values

The U.S. Penny Coin List from 1793 to 2026 highlights over two centuries of American coinage, including Large Cents, Flying Eagle Cents, Indian Head Pennies, and Lincoln Cents. On November 12, 2025, the U.S. Mint ended circulating penny production after 232 years, although existing coins remain legal tender. Special 2026 Lincoln pennies featuring the 1776–2026 dual date are produced exclusively for collector sets. Historical mintage figures vary dramatically, from billions of common Lincoln cents to just 484,000 examples of the valuable 1909-S VDB penny. In 2026, ordinary circulated modern pennies generally retain their $0.01 face value, while collectible Wheat Pennies may bring $0.05–$5 or more. Rare 1909-S VDB cents can command approximately $800–$2,500, depending on condition. Exceptional key dates, authenticated mint errors, and rare early copper cents can achieve thousands or even hundreds of thousands of dollars.

History of the U.S. Penny

The history of the U.S. penny began in the 1790s, when the federal coinage system authorized the one-cent denomination. Early cents were large copper coins, much bigger than today's penny, and featured symbolic portraits of Liberty. In 1857, higher copper costs and the impractical size of large cents led the U.S. Mint to introduce the smaller Flying Eagle cent. The Indian Head cent followed in 1859. A major change came in 1909, when Abraham Lincoln appeared on the cent to honor the 100th anniversary of his birth, becoming the first U.S. president depicted on a regular circulating American coin.

Complete U.S. Penny Design List: 1793–2026

U.S. Penny 1793 Flowing Hair Cent

The 1793 Flowing Hair Cent represents the first year of regular U.S. cent production and remains one of America’s most historically important early coins. Major varieties include the famous 1793 Chain Cent and 1793 Wreath Cent, both featuring Liberty with flowing hair. Because of their great age, limited surviving populations, distinctive designs, and importance in early U.S. coinage, genuine 1793 cents are highly desirable among collectors. Even heavily circulated examples can carry significant numismatic value, while rare varieties and high-grade specimens may command substantial premiums.

1793–1796 Liberty Cap Cent

The Liberty Cap cent shows Liberty with a cap representing freedom. These early copper coins are collected extensively by date and die variety.

Problem-free examples with readable details generally command substantial premiums.

1796–1807 Draped Bust Cent

The Draped Bust cent brought a more classical representation of Liberty. Numerous die varieties exist, making the series especially attractive to advanced large-cent collectors.

1808–1814 Classic Head Cent

The Classic Head cent was produced for only a relatively short period. Many surviving pieces show significant wear or surface problems, meaning attractive original examples can command strong prices.

1816–1857 Coronet and Braided Hair Large Cents

Large cents continued through 1857 with changing interpretations of Liberty. The later pieces are often called Matron Head, Coronet Head, or Braided Hair cents, depending on the design period.

These coins provide one of the most affordable entry points into early American large-cent collecting.

1856–1858 Flying Eagle Cent

The Flying Eagle cent introduced the small-cent format. The 1856 issue is especially desirable because it was produced in limited numbers before regular production expanded.

The design was replaced after only a few years because striking the detailed eagle proved difficult.

1859–1909 Indian Head Penny

The Indian Head cent, designed by James B. Longacre, became one of America's classic small cents.

Early issues were made from a copper-nickel composition, while later Indian Head cents used bronze.

Important collector dates include:

1864-L, 1877, 1908-S, and 1909-S.

The 1877 Indian Head cent is especially famous and remains one of the most desirable key dates in the series.

Lincoln Wheat Penny: 1909–1958

The Lincoln cent debuted in 1909 with Victor David Brenner's portrait of Abraham Lincoln. The reverse featured two wheat ears surrounding the words ONE CENT, creating the famous Lincoln Wheat Penny.

Among the most important Wheat cent rarities are the 1909-S VDB, 1914-D, 1922 No D, 1931-S, 1943 bronze cent, 1944 steel cent, and 1955 Doubled Die Obverse. The 1909-S VDB had a mintage of only 484,000 pieces and remains one of the most famous key-date Lincoln cents.

1943 Steel Penny

Copper was strategically important during World War II, so regular 1943 cents were produced from zinc-coated steel.

Most ordinary 1943 steel cents are inexpensive. However, a tiny number of 1943 pennies were accidentally struck on leftover bronze planchets. Genuine 1943 bronze cents rank among America's legendary coin errors.

The opposite transitional error also exists: some 1944 cents were struck on steel planchets rather than the normal bronze composition.

1955 Doubled Die Penny

The 1955 Doubled Die Obverse Lincoln cent displays dramatic doubling in the date and inscriptions. It has become one of the best-known U.S. doubled-die coins.

Lincoln Memorial Penny: 1959–2008

In 1959, the wheat reverse was replaced with Frank Gasparro's Lincoln Memorial design to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Lincoln's birth. The Memorial reverse remained in use through 2008.

Important varieties include:

  • 1960 Small Date

  • 1969-S Doubled Die Obverse

  • 1970-S Small Date

  • 1972 Doubled Die Obverse

  • 1982 composition and date varieties

  • 1983 Doubled Die Reverse

  • 1984 Doubled Ear

  • 1992 and 1992-D Close AM

  • 1995 Doubled Die Obverse

  • 1998, 1999 and 2000 Wide AM varieties

1982 Copper-to-Zinc Change

During 1982, the Mint transitioned from predominantly copper cents to copper-plated zinc cents.

Modern cents contain 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper and weigh approximately 2.50 grams.

Because both compositions and multiple date styles were used in 1982, collectors carefully examine the weight and date characteristics of these coins.

2009 Lincoln Bicentennial Pennies

To mark the 200th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's birth, four special reverse designs appeared in 2009:

  1. Birth and Early Childhood in Kentucky

  2. Formative Years in Indiana

  3. Professional Life in Illinois

  4. Presidency in Washington, D.C.

The four-design program lasted only one year before another permanent reverse was introduced.

Lincoln Shield Penny: 2010–2025 Circulation Era

Beginning in 2010, the reverse featured the Union Shield, symbolizing Lincoln's preservation of the United States as one nation.

The obverse continued Victor David Brenner's Lincoln portrait.

Two modern dates deserve special attention. The 2017-P penny carried a Philadelphia "P" mint mark, an unusual feature for the cent denomination, while special 2019-W cents carrying the West Point mint mark were produced for collectors.

The Union Shield design remained the circulating cent design through the end of regular circulating penny production in 2025.

2026 U.S. Penny: Collector Era Begins

The year 2026 represents a historic transition.

New pennies are no longer being manufactured for routine circulation. The U.S. Mint states that limited numismatic versions of the penny continue to be produced for collectors, while previously issued cents remain legal tender.

This makes 2026 significant because it marks the beginning of the post-circulation collector era of the American cent.

U.S. Penny Value Chart – 2026 Collector Estimates

The values below are broad collector-market estimates. Actual prices vary significantly according to authenticity, grade, color designation, variety, surface quality, certification, and current demand.

Penny / Type Typical Collector Value High-Grade or Rare Examples
1793 Flowing Hair / Chain Cent $5,000–$50,000+ $100,000–$1,000,000+
Liberty Cap Cent 1793–1796 $500–$10,000+ $25,000–$250,000+
Draped Bust Cent 1796–1807 $100–$5,000+ $10,000–$100,000+
Classic Head Cent 1808–1814 $150–$5,000+ $10,000–$100,000+
Coronet/Braided Hair Large Cent $20–$500+ $2,000–$25,000+
1856 Flying Eagle Cent $7,000–$15,000+ $20,000–$50,000+
Common Indian Head Penny $2–$100 $200–$1,000+
1877 Indian Head Cent $800–$3,000+ $5,000–$20,000+
1909-S VDB Lincoln Penny $700–$2,500+ $5,000–$15,000+
1914-D Wheat Penny $150–$1,500+ $3,000–$10,000+
1922 No D Penny $500–$5,000+ $10,000–$30,000+
1943 Steel Penny $0.10–$10 $100–$1,000+
1943 Bronze Transitional Error $100,000+ $500,000–$1,000,000+
1944 Steel Transitional Error $50,000+ $100,000–$500,000+
1955 Doubled Die Obverse $1,000–$3,000+ $5,000–$25,000+
Common Memorial Penny $0.01–$1 $10–$500+ in exceptional grade
1969-S Doubled Die $10,000+ $25,000–$100,000+
1972 Doubled Die $200–$1,000+ $2,000–$5,000+
1983 Doubled Die Reverse $100–$500+ $1,000–$3,000+
1992 Close AM $2,000+ $5,000–$20,000+
1999 Wide AM $50–$500+ $1,000+
2009 Bicentennial Cents $0.10–$5 $20–$500+
2017-P Lincoln Cent $0.01–$1 Higher in top grades
2019-W Collector Cent $5–$30+ $50–$500+
2025 Final Circulation Era Cent $0.01–$2+ Premium for special/high-grade pieces
2026 Collector Penny Collector premium Depends on issue, mintage and grade

Professional price guides themselves caution that coin values represent market estimates rather than guaranteed transaction prices, since rare-coin prices can change significantly with grade and demand.

U.S. Penny Mint Marks Explained

Mint marks are extremely important when identifying valuable pennies.

No mint mark normally indicates Philadelphia production.

D represents the Denver Mint.

S represents the San Francisco Mint.

W represents West Point and appears on special modern collector cents.

Always inspect the date and mint mark together because the same year can have dramatically different values depending on the mint.

How Coin Grade Affects Penny Value

Condition can transform the value of a collectible penny.

Common grading categories include:

Good (G): Heavy circulation wear with major design elements visible.

Fine (F): Moderate wear with more remaining detail.

Extremely Fine (XF): Light wear concentrated on the highest points.

About Uncirculated (AU): Nearly mint-state with only slight friction.

Mint State (MS60–MS70): No circulation wear.

Copper coins may also receive Brown (BN), Red-Brown (RB), or Red (RD) color designations. Original red color can significantly increase the value of high-grade Lincoln and Indian Head cents.

How to Find Rare Pennies

Collectors searching old penny collections should pay particular attention to 1909-S VDB, 1914-D, 1922 No D, 1931-S, 1943 bronze, 1944 steel, 1955 doubled die, 1969-S doubled die, 1972 doubled die, 1982 transitional varieties, 1992 Close AM, and special 2019-W cents.

Never clean a potentially valuable penny. Cleaning can permanently damage its original surfaces and substantially reduce collector value.

For extremely rare varieties, professional authentication is especially important because famous coins such as the 1909-S VDB, 1943 bronze cent, and 1955 doubled die are frequently altered or counterfeited.

List of U.S. Penny Coin List (1793–2026) (2026 Updated)

The U.S. Penny is one of the most iconic and widely collected coins in American history. Since its introduction in 1793, the U.S. one-cent coin has passed through several historic designs including the Flowing Hair Cent, Liberty Cap Cent, Draped Bust Cent, Flying Eagle Cent, Indian Head Penny, Lincoln Wheat Penny, Lincoln Memorial Penny, and the modern Lincoln Shield Penny. Rare dates, mint marks, copper varieties, and mint errors have made certain pennies worth thousands or even millions of dollars in 2026. Collectors especially seek key-date coins such as the 1909-S VDB Lincoln Cent, 1943 Bronze Penny, 1955 Doubled Die Penny, and low-mintage early large cents. High-grade certified coins graded by PCGS and NGC continue to command premium market prices among investors and numismatics enthusiasts worldwide.

Complete U.S. Penny Coin Value Table (1793–2026 Updated)

Year / Period Penny Coin Type Estimated Value (2026)
1793 Flowing Hair Chain Cent $10,000 – $2,500,000
1793–1796 Liberty Cap Large Cent $500 – $150,000
1796–1807 Draped Bust Large Cent $250 – $90,000
1808–1814 Classic Head Cent $100 – $35,000
1816–1857 Coronet Head Large Cent $40 – $20,000
1856–1858 Flying Eagle Cent $25 – $30,000
1859–1909 Indian Head Penny $2 – $20,000
1909–1958 Lincoln Wheat Penny $0.10 – $300,000
1909-S VDB Rare Wheat Penny $1,000 – $150,000
1943 Steel Penny Zinc-Coated Steel Cent $0.25 – $15,000
1943 Bronze Penny Error Rare Error Coin $100,000 – $2,000,000
1955 Doubled Die Penny Error Variety $1,000 – $150,000
1959–2008 Lincoln Memorial Penny Face Value – $6,000
1969-S Doubled Die Rare Lincoln Cent $20,000 – $125,000
1972 Doubled Die Penny Error Variety $300 – $7,500
1982 Copper Small Date Transitional Error $100 – $18,000
1992 Close AM Penny Rare Memorial Cent $500 – $30,000
2009 Lincoln Bicentennial Commemorative Penny $1 – $500
2010–2026 Lincoln Shield Penny Face Value – $1,000
2019-W Lincoln Penny West Point Mint Issue $15 – $700
2025 Final Production Penny Collector Issue $500 – $900,000+

Detailed Year Wise U.S. Penny Coin Price List

Year Coin Name Grade / Variety 2026 Value
1793 Chain Cent VG $20,000
1793 Chain Cent MS63 $750,000+
1856 Flying Eagle Cent XF $10,000
1877 Indian Head Penny Fine $1,000
1909-S VDB Lincoln Wheat Penny VF $2,000
1914-D Lincoln Wheat Penny Fine $350
1922 No D Lincoln Wheat Penny XF $1,200
1931-S Lincoln Wheat Penny XF $180
1943 Steel Penny MS65 $60
1943 Bronze Penny AU $350,000+
1955 Doubled Die Penny XF $3,500
1969-S Doubled Die MS64 $45,000
1972 Doubled Die Penny MS65 $2,000
1982 Copper Small Date MS65 $12,000
1992 Close AM Penny MS65 $25,000
2009 Bicentennial Penny Proof Set $30
2019-W Penny MS67 $500
2025 Collector Penny Special Mint Strike $75,000 – $900,000

Rare U.S. Penny Error Coin Values

Error Type Estimated 2026 Value
1943 Bronze Penny Error $100,000 – $2,000,000
1955 Doubled Die Obverse $1,000 – $150,000
1969-S Doubled Die $20,000 – $125,000
1972 Doubled Die Penny $300 – $7,500
1983 Doubled Die Reverse $200 – $10,000
1992 Close AM Variety $500 – $30,000
Off-Center Strike Penny $50 – $5,000
Broadstrike Penny Error $25 – $2,000
Wrong Planchet Penny $1,000 – $25,000
Clipped Planchet Penny $40 – $1,500

The U.S. penny market remains extremely active in 2026 because collectors continue searching for rare large cents, Wheat Pennies, proof varieties, and mint error coins. Early copper cents, low-mintage Lincoln coins, and professionally graded mint-state examples often achieve record-breaking auction prices. Modern collectors are also showing growing interest in the final years of penny production, making recent rare issues increasingly valuable in the global coin collecting market.

1. 🏛 U.S. Penny History Overview

The U.S. penny has been minted continuously since 1793, making it the longest-running coin in American history. The earliest pennies were made of pure copper and were nearly the size of a modern half dollar. Over time, the penny’s metal composition, size, and artwork evolved due to economic, political, and technological reasons.

Key moments in penny history:

  • 1793: First penny minted under the Coinage Act of 1792.

  • 1856–1858: Flying Eagle cents introduced.

  • 1859–1909: Indian Head cents dominate circulation.

  • 1909–Present: Lincoln cents introduced for Lincoln's centennial.

  • 1982: Transition from bronze to copper-plated zinc pennies.

  • 2009: Special Bicentennial reverses for Lincoln’s 200th birthday.

2. 🎨 Penny Design Evolution (1793–2025)

Era Design Years Notes
Flowing Hair Chain & Wreath 1793 First U.S. cent
Liberty Cap Large Cent 1793–1796 Early copper coins
Draped Bust Large Cent 1796–1807 Classic portrait
Classic Head Large Cent 1808–1814 Copper coins
Coronet Head Matron/Braided Hair 1816–1857 Final large cents
Flying Eagle Small Cent 1856–1858 First small-size cents
Indian Head Small Cent 1859–1909 Highly collectible
Lincoln Wheat Lincoln Wheat Reverse 1909–1958 Includes key date 1909-S VDB
Lincoln Memorial Memorial Reverse 1959–2008 Commemorates Lincoln Memorial
Lincoln Bicentennial 4 Reverse Designs 2009 Celebrates Lincoln’s life
Lincoln Shield Shield Reverse 2010–Present Current design

3. 📋 Complete Penny Coin List by Type and Year

Flying Eagle Cents (1856–1858):

  • 1856 (Proof, rare)

  • 1857

  • 1858 (Large and Small Letters varieties)

Indian Head Cents (1859–1909):

  • Key years: 1877, 1908-S, 1909-S

  • Composition change from copper-nickel to bronze in 1864

Lincoln Wheat Cents (1909–1958):

  • Notable years: 1909-S VDB, 1914-D, 1922 No D, 1955 Doubled Die

Lincoln Memorial Cents (1959–2008):

  • 1960 Small and Large Date varieties

  • 1982 transition year from bronze to zinc

Lincoln Bicentennial Cents (2009):

  • Birth and Childhood

  • Formative Years

  • Professional Life

  • Presidency

Lincoln Shield Cents (2010–2025):

  • Current design, primarily copper-plated zinc

4. 💸 Penny Value Chart by Year and Mint Mark

Here’s a sample value guide for popular penny coins by condition:

Year Mint G-4 VF-20 EF-40 AU-50 MS-60 Notes
1909-S VDB S $700 $1,200 $1,800 $2,500 $3,000+ Key Lincoln cent
1914-D D $175 $325 $650 $1,200 $2,000 Scarce in high grades
1922 No D — $500 $900 $1,300 $2,000 $3,000 Minting error
1943 Bronze Any $60,000+ – – – $100,000+ Most valuable penny
1955 Doubled Die P $800 $1,500 $2,500 $3,500 $5,000+ Clear doubling on obverse

Note: Prices are approximate and based on market averages as of 2025. Grading by PCGS or NGC increases reliability.

5. 🏆 Rare and Valuable U.S. Pennies

Some of the most valuable pennies in history include:

  • 1943 Copper (Bronze) Penny: Over $1.7 million at auction

  • 1909-S VDB: $3,000+ in uncirculated grades

  • 1955 Doubled Die Obverse: One of the most famous error coins

  • 1914-D Lincoln Cent: Scarce due to low mintage

  • 1922 No D Lincoln Cent: Only Denver mint produced pennies that year, but some lack the mintmark

6. 🧾 Coin Grading and Price Factors

The value of a penny coin depends on:

  • Mint mark (P, D, S, or none)

  • Rarity and mintage

  • Condition/grade (G-4 to MS-70)

  • Errors or variations

  • Metal composition (e.g., copper vs. zinc)

Common grading scale:

  • G-4: Good

  • VF-20: Very Fine

  • XF-40: Extremely Fine

  • AU-50: About Uncirculated

  • MS-60+: Mint State

7. 📦 Collecting Tips for U.S. Penny Coins

  • Start with Lincoln pennies – easy to find and affordable

  • Avoid cleaning coins – it lowers their value

  • Use proper storage – coin albums or 2x2 holders

  • Look for key dates and errors – like the 1955 Doubled Die

  • Join coin communities – online forums or local clubs

Complete List of U.S. Penny Coins 1793–2026: Mintages and Values

The complete list of U.S. penny coins from 1793 to 2026 covers more than two centuries of American numismatic history, beginning with the large copper Flowing Hair Chain cent and continuing through Liberty Cap, Draped Bust, Classic Head, Coronet Head, Flying Eagle, Indian Head and Lincoln cents. Key collectible issues include the 1793 Chain cent, 1799 and 1804 large cents, 1856 Flying Eagle cent, 1877 Indian Head cent, 1908-S and 1909-S Indian cents, 1909-S VDB Lincoln cent, 1914-D Lincoln cent, 1922 No D cent and 1931-S Wheat penny. Regular circulating penny production was suspended after 2025, although the U.S. Mint has stated that limited numismatic collector versions may continue; therefore, the final 2026 collector mintage and market value remain subject to confirmation.

Price note: Values below are estimated 2026 retail ranges in U.S. dollars for problem-free examples, generally covering lower circulated grades through collectible Mint State condition. Exact prices depend on grade, original color—Brown, Red-Brown or Red—surface quality, strike, variety, certification and market demand. Extremely rare errors, proofs, restrikes and finest-known coins may sell far above the listed ranges. PCGS publishes separate values for individual dates, varieties and certified grades.

U.S. Large Cent and Flying Eagle Penny Mintage and Value List, 1793–1858

The mintages in this section cover regular issues and major design changes; separate proof and private-restrike quantities are generally excluded.

Year Penny type, mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
1793 Flowing Hair Chain, Philadelphia: 36,103; Wreath: 63,353; Liberty Cap: 11,056 $2,500–$1,000,000+
1794 Liberty Cap, Philadelphia: 918,521 $500–$150,000
1795 Liberty Cap, Philadelphia: 37,000 lettered edge; 501,500 plain edge $350–$75,000
1796 Liberty Cap: 109,825; Draped Bust: 363,375 $500–$100,000
1797 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 897,510 $250–$40,000
1798 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 1,841,745 $200–$40,000
1799 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 42,540 $4,000–$500,000+
1800 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 2,822,175 $150–$30,000
1801 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 1,362,837 $150–$30,000
1802 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 3,435,100 $150–$35,000
1803 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 3,131,691 $100–$25,000
1804 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 96,500 $4,000–$500,000+
1805 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 941,116 $400–$40,000
1806 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 348,000 $500–$50,000
1807 Draped Bust, Philadelphia: 829,221 $200–$35,000
1808 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 1,007,000 $100–$20,000
1809 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 222,867 $600–$60,000
1810 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 1,458,500 $100–$25,000
1811 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 218,025 $500–$60,000
1812 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 1,075,500 $100–$30,000
1813 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 418,000 $200–$35,000
1814 Classic Head, Philadelphia: 357,830 $150–$40,000
1815 No regular circulating large-cent issue No standard market value
1816 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,820,982 $25–$7,500
1817 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 3,948,400 $20–$7,500
1818 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 3,167,000 $20–$6,000
1819 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,671,000 $25–$8,000
1820 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 4,407,550 $20–$6,000
1821 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 389,000 $60–$15,000
1822 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,072,339 $25–$7,500
1823 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,262,000 $80–$25,000
1824 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,262,000 $40–$10,000
1825 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,461,100 $30–$8,000
1826 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,517,425 $30–$8,000
1827 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,357,732 $30–$7,500
1828 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,260,624 $25–$7,500
1829 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,414,500 $30–$8,000
1830 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,711,500 $30–$7,500
1831 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 3,359,260 $25–$7,500
1832 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,362,000 $25–$7,500
1833 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,739,000 $25–$7,000
1834 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 1,855,100 $25–$8,000
1835 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 3,878,400 $25–$7,000
1836 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 2,111,000 $25–$7,500
1837 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 5,558,300 $20–$6,000
1838 Matron Head, Philadelphia: 6,370,200 $20–$6,000
1839 Matron Head: 3,128,661; Braided Hair: approximately 200,000 $25–$15,000
1840 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 2,462,700 $25–$5,000
1841 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 1,597,367 $30–$6,000
1842 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 2,383,390 $25–$5,000
1843 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 2,425,342 $25–$5,000
1844 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 2,398,752 $25–$5,000
1845 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 3,894,804 $20–$4,000
1846 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 4,120,800 $20–$5,000
1847 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 6,183,669 $20–$4,000
1848 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 6,415,799 $20–$4,000
1849 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 4,178,500 $20–$4,000
1850 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 4,426,844 $20–$4,000
1851 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 9,889,707 $20–$3,500
1852 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 5,063,094 $20–$4,000
1853 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 6,641,131 $20–$3,500
1854 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 4,236,156 $20–$4,000
1855 Braided Hair, Philadelphia: 1,574,829 $30–$6,000
1856 Braided Hair: 2,690,463; Flying Eagle: 634 business strikes Large cent: $30–$5,000; Flying Eagle: $7,000–$315,000+
1857 Braided Hair: 333,456; Flying Eagle: 17,450,000 Large cent: $100–$12,000; Flying Eagle: $25–$15,000
1858 Flying Eagle, Philadelphia: 24,600,000 $25–$20,000

Indian Head Penny Mintage and Value List, 1859–1909

Indian Head cent mintages are regular business-strike totals. Proof-only production is excluded from the main totals.

Year Mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
1859 Philadelphia: 36,400,000 $20–$22,000
1860 Philadelphia: 20,566,000 $15–$15,000
1861 Philadelphia: 10,100,000 $25–$18,000
1862 Philadelphia: 28,075,000 $12–$10,000
1863 Philadelphia: 49,840,000 $12–$10,000
1864 Copper-nickel: 13,740,000; bronze: 39,233,714 $15–$15,000; rare L-on-ribbon variety higher
1865 Philadelphia: 35,429,286 $15–$8,000
1866 Philadelphia: 9,826,500 $45–$15,000
1867 Philadelphia: 9,821,000 $45–$15,000
1868 Philadelphia: 10,266,500 $45–$12,000
1869 Philadelphia: 6,420,000 $70–$20,000
1870 Philadelphia: 5,275,000 $70–$20,000
1871 Philadelphia: 3,929,500 $100–$25,000
1872 Philadelphia: 4,042,000 $100–$25,000
1873 Philadelphia: 11,676,500 $25–$15,000; doubled LIBERTY variety higher
1874 Philadelphia: 14,187,500 $25–$10,000
1875 Philadelphia: 13,528,000 $25–$10,000
1876 Philadelphia: 7,944,000 $40–$15,000
1877 Philadelphia: 852,500 $700–$100,000+
1878 Philadelphia: 5,797,500 $30–$15,000
1879 Philadelphia: 16,228,000 $8–$7,500
1880 Philadelphia: 38,961,000 $3–$5,000
1881 Philadelphia: 39,208,000 $3–$5,000
1882 Philadelphia: 38,578,000 $3–$5,000
1883 Philadelphia: 45,591,500 $3–$5,000
1884 Philadelphia: 23,257,800 $4–$6,000
1885 Philadelphia: 11,761,594 $8–$8,000
1886 Philadelphia: 17,650,000 $5–$12,000, depending on variety
1887 Philadelphia: 45,223,523 $3–$5,000
1888 Philadelphia: 37,489,832 $3–$6,000
1889 Philadelphia: 48,866,025 $3–$5,000
1890 Philadelphia: 57,180,114 $3–$5,000
1891 Philadelphia: 47,070,000 $3–$5,000
1892 Philadelphia: 37,647,087 $3–$5,000
1893 Philadelphia: 46,640,000 $3–$5,000
1894 Philadelphia: 16,749,500 $5–$8,000
1895 Philadelphia: 38,341,474 $3–$5,000
1896 Philadelphia: 39,055,431 $3–$5,000
1897 Philadelphia: 50,464,392 $3–$5,000
1898 Philadelphia: 49,821,284 $3–$5,000
1899 Philadelphia: 53,598,000 $3–$5,000
1900 Philadelphia: 66,831,502 $2–$4,000
1901 Philadelphia: 79,609,158 $2–$4,000
1902 Philadelphia: 87,374,704 $2–$4,000
1903 Philadelphia: 85,092,703 $2–$4,000
1904 Philadelphia: 61,326,198 $2–$4,000
1905 Philadelphia: 80,717,011 $2–$4,000
1906 Philadelphia: 96,020,530 $2–$4,000
1907 Philadelphia: 108,137,143 $2–$4,000
1908 Philadelphia: 32,326,317; San Francisco: 1,115,000 P: $2–$4,000; S: $70–$20,000
1909 Philadelphia: 14,368,470; San Francisco: 309,000 P: $5–$6,000; S: $400–$40,000+

Lincoln Wheat Penny Mintage and Value List, 1909–1958

Lincoln Wheat cent figures cover the primary regular strikes. Major errors such as the 1922 No D, 1943 bronze, 1944 steel and 1955 doubled-die cents were not included in the original regular mintage totals.

Year Mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
1909 VDB Philadelphia: 27,995,000; San Francisco: 484,000 P: $10–$15,000; S: $800–$175,000+
1909 No VDB Philadelphia: 72,702,618; San Francisco: 1,825,000 P: $3–$5,000; S: $120–$35,000
1910 Philadelphia: 146,801,218; San Francisco: 6,045,000 P: $0.50–$2,000; S: $15–$12,000
1911 Philadelphia: 101,177,787; Denver: 12,672,000; San Francisco: 4,026,000 P: $0.50–$1,500; D: $6–$6,000; S: $25–$10,000
1912 Philadelphia: 68,153,060; Denver: 10,411,000; San Francisco: 4,431,000 P: $1–$2,000; D: $8–$6,000; S: $35–$12,000
1913 Philadelphia: 76,532,352; Denver: 15,804,000; San Francisco: 6,101,000 P: $1–$1,500; D: $4–$4,000; S: $15–$8,000
1914 Philadelphia: 75,238,432; Denver: 1,193,000; San Francisco: 4,137,000 P: $1–$2,000; D: $175–$100,000+; S: $20–$12,000
1915 Philadelphia: 29,092,120; Denver: 22,050,000; San Francisco: 4,833,000 P: $2–$3,000; D: $3–$3,000; S: $20–$10,000
1916 Philadelphia: 131,832,627; Denver: 35,956,000; San Francisco: 22,510,000 $0.50–$4,000
1917 Philadelphia: 196,429,785; Denver: 55,120,000; San Francisco: 32,620,000 $0.50–$5,000
1918 Philadelphia: 288,104,634; Denver: 47,830,000; San Francisco: 34,680,000 $0.25–$5,000
1919 Philadelphia: 392,021,000; Denver: 57,154,000; San Francisco: 139,760,000 $0.25–$5,000
1920 Philadelphia: 310,165,000; Denver: 49,280,000; San Francisco: 46,220,000 $0.25–$5,000
1921 Philadelphia: 39,157,000; San Francisco: 15,274,000 P: $1–$4,000; S: $15–$12,000
1922 Denver: 7,160,000 D: $20–$15,000; No D variety: $500–$100,000+
1923 Philadelphia: 74,723,000; San Francisco: 8,700,000 P: $1–$4,000; S: $20–$15,000
1924 Philadelphia: 75,178,000; Denver: 2,520,000; San Francisco: 11,696,000 P: $1–$4,000; D: $40–$25,000; S: $10–$10,000
1925 Philadelphia: 139,949,000; Denver: 22,580,000; San Francisco: 26,380,000 $0.50–$6,000
1926 Philadelphia: 157,088,000; Denver: 28,020,000; San Francisco: 4,550,000 P/D: $0.50–$5,000; S: $15–$100,000+
1927 Philadelphia: 144,440,000; Denver: 27,170,000; San Francisco: 14,276,000 $0.50–$8,000
1928 Philadelphia: 134,116,000; Denver: 31,170,000; San Francisco: 17,266,000 $0.50–$7,500
1929 Philadelphia: 185,262,000; Denver: 41,730,000; San Francisco: 50,148,000 $0.25–$5,000
1930 Philadelphia: 157,415,000; Denver: 40,100,000; San Francisco: 24,286,000 $0.25–$5,000
1931 Philadelphia: 19,396,000; Denver: 4,480,000; San Francisco: 866,000 P: $2–$6,000; D: $8–$8,000; S: $75–$30,000
1932 Philadelphia: 9,062,000; Denver: 10,500,000 $2–$8,000
1933 Philadelphia: 14,360,000; Denver: 6,200,000 $2–$8,000
1934 Philadelphia: 219,080,000; Denver: 28,446,000 $0.20–$3,000
1935 Philadelphia: 245,388,000; Denver: 47,000,000; San Francisco: 38,702,000 $0.15–$3,000
1936 Philadelphia: 309,632,000; Denver: 40,620,000; San Francisco: 29,130,000 $0.15–$3,000
1937 Philadelphia: 309,170,000; Denver: 50,430,000; San Francisco: 34,500,000 $0.15–$2,500
1938 Philadelphia: 156,682,000; Denver: 20,010,000; San Francisco: 15,180,000 $0.15–$3,000
1939 Philadelphia: 316,466,000; Denver: 15,160,000; San Francisco: 52,070,000 $0.10–$3,000
1940 Philadelphia: 586,810,000; Denver: 81,390,000; San Francisco: 112,940,000 $0.10–$2,500
1941 Philadelphia: 887,018,000; Denver: 128,700,000; San Francisco: 92,360,000 $0.10–$2,000
1942 Philadelphia: 657,796,000; Denver: 206,698,000; San Francisco: 85,590,000 $0.10–$2,500
1943 Philadelphia: 684,628,670; Denver: 217,660,000; San Francisco: 191,550,000; zinc-coated steel $0.10–$5,000; bronze errors can reach six or seven figures
1944 Philadelphia: 1,435,000,000; Denver: 430,578,000; San Francisco: 282,760,000 $0.05–$3,000; steel errors are exceptionally valuable
1945 Philadelphia: 1,040,515,000; Denver: 266,268,000; San Francisco: 181,770,000 $0.05–$2,000
1946 Philadelphia: 991,655,000; Denver: 315,690,000; San Francisco: 198,100,000 $0.05–$2,000
1947 Philadelphia: 190,555,000; Denver: 194,750,000; San Francisco: 99,000,000 $0.05–$1,500
1948 Philadelphia: 317,570,000; Denver: 172,637,500; San Francisco: 81,735,000 $0.05–$1,500
1949 Philadelphia: 217,775,000; Denver: 153,132,500; San Francisco: 64,290,000 $0.05–$1,500
1950 Philadelphia: 272,635,000; Denver: 334,950,000; San Francisco: 118,505,000 $0.05–$1,000
1951 Philadelphia: 284,576,000; Denver: 625,355,000; San Francisco: 136,010,000 $0.05–$1,000
1952 Philadelphia: 186,775,000; Denver: 746,130,000; San Francisco: 137,800,004 $0.05–$1,000
1953 Philadelphia: 256,755,000; Denver: 700,515,000; San Francisco: 181,835,000 $0.05–$1,000
1954 Philadelphia: 71,640,050; Denver: 251,552,500; San Francisco: 96,190,000 $0.05–$1,500
1955 Philadelphia: 330,580,000; Denver: 563,257,500; San Francisco: 44,610,000 Regular: $0.05–$2,000; doubled-die obverse: $1,000–$100,000+
1956 Philadelphia: 420,745,000; Denver: 1,098,201,100 $0.05–$1,000
1957 Philadelphia: 282,540,000; Denver: 1,051,342,000 $0.05–$1,000
1958 Philadelphia: 252,525,000; Denver: 800,953,300 $0.05–$1,500; rare doubled-die varieties higher

Lincoln Memorial Penny Mintage and Value List, 1959–1982

Some cents dated 1964–1980 were produced at facilities whose mint marks were not placed on the coins. The table uses the principal collectible mintmark listings and combines no-mintmark production where appropriate.

Year Mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
1959 Philadelphia: 609,715,000; Denver: 1,279,760,000 $0.01–$1,000
1960 Philadelphia: 586,405,000; Denver: 1,580,884,000; large- and small-date varieties $0.01–$5,000
1961 Philadelphia: 753,345,000; Denver: 1,753,266,700 $0.01–$750
1962 Philadelphia: 606,045,000; Denver: 1,793,148,400 $0.01–$750
1963 Philadelphia: 754,110,000; Denver: 1,774,020,400 $0.01–$750
1964 No mintmark: approximately 2,648,575,000; Denver: 3,799,071,500 $0.01–$1,000
1965 No mintmark: approximately 1,497,224,900 $0.01–$250
1966 No mintmark: approximately 2,185,886,200 $0.01–$250
1967 No mintmark: approximately 3,048,667,100 $0.01–$250
1968 Philadelphia: 1,707,880,970; Denver: 2,886,269,600; San Francisco: 258,270,001 $0.01–$750
1969 Philadelphia: 1,136,910,000; Denver: 4,002,832,200; San Francisco: 544,375,000 Regular: $0.01–$1,000; 1969-S doubled die far higher
1970 Philadelphia: 1,898,315,000; Denver: 2,891,438,900; San Francisco: 690,560,004 $0.01–$5,000, depending on 1970-S date variety
1971 Philadelphia: 1,919,490,000; Denver: 2,911,045,600; San Francisco: 525,133,459 $0.01–$750
1972 Philadelphia: 2,933,255,000; Denver: 2,665,071,400; San Francisco: 376,939,108 Regular: $0.01–$1,000; doubled die substantially higher
1973 Philadelphia: 3,728,245,000; Denver: 3,549,576,588; San Francisco: 317,177,295 $0.01–$500
1974 No mintmark: approximately 4,232,140,523; Denver: 4,235,098,000; San Francisco: 409,426,660 $0.01–$500; aluminum patterns are not legal regular issues
1975 No mintmark: approximately 5,451,476,142; Denver: 4,505,275,300 $0.01–$300
1976 No mintmark: approximately 4,674,275,000; Denver: 4,221,592,455 $0.01–$300
1977 No mintmark: approximately 4,469,930,000; Denver: 4,194,062,300 $0.01–$500
1978 No mintmark: approximately 5,558,605,000; Denver: 4,280,233,400 $0.01–$300
1979 No mintmark: approximately 6,018,515,000; Denver: 4,139,357,254 $0.01–$300
1980 No mintmark: approximately 7,414,705,000; Denver: 5,140,098,660 $0.01–$300
1981 Philadelphia/no mintmark: 7,491,750,000; Denver: 5,373,235,677 $0.01–$300
1982 Philadelphia/no mintmark: 10,712,525,000; Denver: 6,012,979,368; copper and copper-plated zinc varieties $0.01–$10,000+, depending on composition and date variety

Lincoln Memorial Zinc Penny Mintage and Value List, 1983–2008

Regular modern cents are usually worth face value in circulated condition. Certified high-grade Red coins, major doubled dies, transitional compositions and Close AM or Wide AM varieties can be considerably more valuable.

Year Mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
1983 Philadelphia: 7,752,355,000; Denver: 6,467,199,428 $0.01–$500; doubled-die reverse higher
1984 Philadelphia: 8,151,079,000; Denver: 5,569,238,906 $0.01–$500; doubled-ear variety higher
1985 Philadelphia: 5,648,489,887; Denver: 5,287,399,926 $0.01–$300
1986 Philadelphia: 4,491,395,493; Denver: 4,442,866,698 $0.01–$300
1987 Philadelphia: 4,682,466,931; Denver: 4,879,389,514 $0.01–$300
1988 Philadelphia: 6,092,810,000; Denver: 5,253,740,443 $0.01–$500; reverse-design varieties higher
1989 Philadelphia: 7,261,535,000; Denver: 5,345,467,111 $0.01–$300
1990 Philadelphia: 6,851,765,000; Denver: 4,922,894,533 $0.01–$300; no-S proof is extremely rare
1991 Philadelphia: 5,165,940,000; Denver: 4,158,442,076 $0.01–$300
1992 Philadelphia: 4,648,905,000; Denver: 4,448,673,300 Regular: $0.01–$300; Close AM varieties can be worth thousands
1993 Philadelphia: 5,684,705,000; Denver: 6,426,650,571 $0.01–$300
1994 Philadelphia: 6,500,850,000; Denver: 7,131,765,000 $0.01–$500; doubled-die varieties higher
1995 Philadelphia: 6,411,440,000; Denver: 7,128,560,000 Regular: $0.01–$300; doubled-die obverse higher
1996 Philadelphia: 6,612,465,000; Denver: 6,510,795,000 $0.01–$300
1997 Philadelphia: 4,622,800,000; Denver: 4,576,555,000 $0.01–$300
1998 Philadelphia: 5,032,200,000; Denver: 5,225,200,000 Regular: $0.01–$300; Wide AM variety higher
1999 Philadelphia: 5,237,600,000; Denver: 6,360,065,000 Regular: $0.01–$300; Wide AM variety higher
2000 Philadelphia: 5,503,200,000; Denver: 8,774,220,000 Regular: $0.01–$300; Wide AM variety higher
2001 Philadelphia: 4,959,600,000; Denver: 5,374,990,000 $0.01–$300
2002 Philadelphia: 3,260,800,000; Denver: 4,028,055,000 $0.01–$300
2003 Philadelphia: 3,300,000,000; Denver: 3,548,000,000 $0.01–$500
2004 Philadelphia: 3,456,400,000; Denver: 3,379,600,000 $0.01–$300
2005 Philadelphia: 3,935,600,000; Denver: 3,764,450,500 $0.01–$300
2006 Philadelphia: 4,290,000,000; Denver: 3,944,000,000 $0.01–$300
2007 Philadelphia: 3,762,400,000; Denver: 3,638,800,000 $0.01–$300
2008 Philadelphia: 2,569,600,000; Denver: 2,849,600,000 $0.01–$300

2009 Lincoln Bicentennial Penny Mintage and Value List

Year and design Mint and regular mintage Estimated 2026 value
2009 Birthplace Philadelphia: 284,800,000; Denver: 350,000,000 $0.10–$100
2009 Formative Years Philadelphia: 376,000,000; Denver: 363,600,000 $0.10–$500; doubled-die varieties higher
2009 Professional Life Philadelphia: 316,000,000; Denver: 336,000,000 $0.10–$100
2009 Presidency Philadelphia: 129,600,000; Denver: 198,000,000 $0.10–$150

Lincoln Union Shield Penny Mintage and Value List, 2010–2026

Regular 2010–2025 circulation mintages and major collector-mint issues are shown below. The 2026 cent is expected to be a limited collector product rather than a normal circulation strike, but its final mintage and secondary-market value were not established at the time of this update.

Year Mint and mintage Estimated 2026 value
2010 Philadelphia: 1,963,630,000; Denver: 2,407,200,000; San Francisco proof: 1,689,364 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$25
2011 Philadelphia: 2,402,400,000; Denver: 2,536,140,000; San Francisco proof: 1,673,010 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$25
2012 Philadelphia: 3,132,000,000; Denver: 2,883,200,000; San Francisco proof: 1,237,415 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$30
2013 Philadelphia: 3,750,400,000; Denver: 3,319,600,000; San Francisco proof: 1,237,926 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$30
2014 Philadelphia: 3,990,800,000; Denver: 4,155,600,000; San Francisco proof: 1,144,154 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$30
2015 Philadelphia: 4,464,100,000; Denver: 4,424,800,000; San Francisco proof: 1,050,314 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$30
2016 Philadelphia: 4,698,400,000; Denver: 4,420,400,000; San Francisco proof: 965,033 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$35
2017 Philadelphia with P mintmark: 4,361,220,000; Denver: 4,272,800,000; San Francisco enhanced uncirculated: 210,419; proof: 926,763 P/D: $0.01–$100; enhanced S: $10–$100; proof: $2–$35
2018 Philadelphia: 4,066,800,000; Denver: 3,738,400,000; San Francisco proof: 849,355; reverse proof: 199,116 P/D: $0.01–$100; proof: $2–$40; reverse proof: $10–$100
2019 Philadelphia: 3,542,800,000; Denver: 3,497,600,000; San Francisco proof: 989,862; West Point uncirculated: 318,695; proof: 561,495; reverse proof: 383,590 P/D: $0.01–$100; W issues: $10–$150
2020 Philadelphia: 3,560,800,000; Denver: 4,035,600,000; San Francisco proof: 777,913 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $3–$40
2021 Philadelphia: 3,925,820,000; Denver: 3,982,800,000; San Francisco proof: 816,662 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $3–$40
2022 Philadelphia: 3,129,200,000; Denver: 3,230,400,000; San Francisco proof: 649,365 Circulation: $0.01–$100; proof: $3–$45
2023 Philadelphia: 2,262,000,000; Denver: 2,260,800,000; San Francisco proof: 369,236 Circulation: $0.01–$125; proof: $4–$60
2024 Philadelphia: 1,712,000,000; Denver: 1,513,200,000; San Francisco proof: 355,786 Circulation: $0.01–$150; proof: $4–$60
2025 Philadelphia: 655,200,000; Denver: 645,200,000; San Francisco proof: 304,725 Circulation: $0.01–$200; proof: $5–$75
2026 No regular circulating mintage announced; limited collector versions planned Final mintage and established collector value pending

Frequently Asked Questions About U.S. Pennies

What is the rarest U.S. penny?

Several pennies qualify as major rarities. The famous 1943 bronze cent is among the best known. Other highly desirable coins include the 1909-S VDB Lincoln cent, 1877 Indian Head cent, and important early large-cent varieties.

Are 1982 pennies valuable?

Most 1982 pennies are common, but the year is popular because both copper and zinc compositions were produced. Rare transitional errors involving unexpected metal and date combinations can be extremely collectible.

What does VDB mean on a penny?

VDB represents the initials of Victor David Brenner, designer of the original Lincoln cent. His initials appeared prominently on some 1909 cents.

What pennies should collectors keep?

Collectors often save Wheat cents, Indian Head cents, early copper cents, recognized key dates, unusual mint errors, attractive high-grade coins, and varieties that have been properly authenticated.

Should old pennies be cleaned?

Generally, no. Cleaning can scratch or chemically alter a coin's original surface and may substantially reduce its collector value.

Should valuable pennies be professionally graded?

Professional authentication and grading may be worthwhile for rare dates, major errors, valuable varieties, and exceptionally high-grade coins.

Final Thoughts

The U.S. penny represents more than 230 years of American coinage history. From large copper cents of the 1790s to Lincoln Wheat, Memorial, Bicentennial, and Shield cents, the denomination offers opportunities for collectors at almost every budget.

The key to identifying valuable pennies is examining the date, mint mark, composition, variety, condition, and authenticity rather than assuming that age alone determines value. While most pennies remain common, genuine key dates and minting errors can be surprisingly valuable, making the U.S. cent one of the most accessible and fascinating areas of American coin collecting.

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