Ultimate Guide to U.S. Nickels: Complete List, History, Key Dates, Errors & Value Chart (1866–2026)

The United States nickel is one of the longest-running and most popular denominations in American coin collecting. The modern five-cent nickel traces its beginning to 1866, when the United States Mint introduced a copper-nickel five-cent piece during a period when silver coins had largely disappeared from everyday circulation.

Since then, the nickel has featured several famous designs, including the Shield Nickel, Liberty Head or “V” Nickel, Buffalo Nickel, and Jefferson Nickel. Special issues such as the World War II silver nickels, Westward Journey designs, famous overdates, doubled dies, and major mint errors have made the denomination especially interesting to collectors.

Most nickels found in circulation are worth only five cents, but certain rare dates and varieties can be worth hundreds, thousands, or even millions of dollars. Condition, mint mark, rarity, strike quality, and authentication all play major roles in determining value.

For 2026, the Jefferson nickel also carries a special “1776 ~ 2026” dual date, recognizing the 250th anniversary of the United States.

Complete List of Major U.S. Nickel Series

Nickel Series Years Main Design Standard Composition
Shield Nickel 1866–1883 Shield / Large 5 75% copper, 25% nickel
Liberty Head Nickel 1883–1913 Liberty / Roman numeral V 75% copper, 25% nickel
Buffalo Nickel 1913–1938 Native American / American bison 75% copper, 25% nickel
Jefferson Nickel 1938–Present Thomas Jefferson / Monticello 75% copper, 25% nickel
Wartime Silver Jefferson Nickel 1942–1945 Jefferson / Monticello 35% silver alloy
Westward Journey Nickels 2004–2005 Jefferson / Four special reverses 75% copper, 25% nickel
Return to Monticello 2006–Present Forward-facing Jefferson / Monticello 75% copper, 25% nickel
2026 Dual-Date Nickel 2026 Jefferson / Monticello 75% copper, 25% nickel

Shield Nickel History: 1866–1883

The Shield Nickel became the first five-cent coin commonly called a nickel. Authorized in 1866, it contained 75% copper and 25% nickel.

Its obverse displays a large shield, while the reverse features a large numeral “5.” Early examples included rays between the stars surrounding the denomination.

The hard copper-nickel alloy was difficult to strike properly, creating problems with weak details, cracked dies, and shortened die life. The rays were therefore removed during 1867.

Several Shield Nickel varieties attract strong collector interest. These include the 1867 With Rays, 1879/8 overdate, 1883/2 variety, proof-only issues, and especially the low-mintage 1880 circulation strike.

The 1880 Shield Nickel is one of the most expensive regular dates in the series, with even heavily circulated examples potentially worth thousands of dollars.

Liberty Head “V” Nickel: 1883–1913

The Shield design was replaced in 1883 by Charles E. Barber's Liberty Head Nickel, commonly known as the V Nickel because the reverse uses the Roman numeral “V” for five.

The first 1883 version did not include the words “CENTS.” Because the coin was roughly similar in size to certain gold coins, some examples were reportedly gold-plated and represented as five-dollar pieces.

The Mint quickly added the word CENTS beneath the Roman numeral.

Important Liberty Nickel dates include:

  • 1885 Liberty Nickel

  • 1886 Liberty Nickel

  • 1912-S Liberty Nickel

  • 1913 Liberty Head Nickel

The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel is one of the most famous rarities in all American numismatics. Only five examples are known. Current collector estimates place individual examples in the multimillion-dollar category, depending on pedigree and grade.

Collectors should be extremely cautious with supposed 1913 Liberty Nickels because authentic specimens are well documented.

Buffalo Nickel History: 1913–1938

The Buffalo Nickel, officially known as the Indian Head Nickel, debuted in 1913 and is considered one of the most artistic American circulating coins.

James Earle Fraser designed the coin. The obverse displays a Native American portrait, while the reverse depicts an American bison.

Two major reverse types were produced in 1913. On the first, the bison stands on a raised mound. The denomination was redesigned later that year because of concerns about excessive wear.

Buffalo Nickels circulated heavily, and the dates on many examples wore away. Coins with fully readable dates generally carry stronger collector demand than dateless pieces.

Valuable Buffalo Nickel Key Dates

Among the most desirable dates and varieties are:

  • 1913-S Type 2

  • 1914/3 overdate

  • 1918/7-D overdate

  • 1921-S

  • 1924-S

  • 1926-S

  • 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo

  • 1938-D/S overmintmark

The 1918/7-D Buffalo Nickel is one of the denomination's great overdate varieties. Even low-grade authenticated coins can command substantial premiums.

Another famous variety is the 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo Nickel. Excessive die polishing removed much of one of the bison's front legs, producing a visually distinctive and highly collectible variety.

Jefferson Nickel History: 1938–Present

The Jefferson Nickel was introduced in 1938, replacing the Buffalo Nickel. Designer Felix Schlag created the original portrait of Thomas Jefferson for the obverse and Jefferson's Virginia home, Monticello, for the reverse.

The basic Jefferson-Monticello concept has survived for decades, although several important modifications have taken place.

Early Jefferson Nickels can still be found relatively inexpensively, but certain low-mintage dates and high-grade “Full Steps” coins command significant premiums.

Important early dates include the 1938-D, 1938-S, 1939-D, 1939-S, and 1950-D.

Wartime Silver Nickels: 1942–1945

World War II created a major demand for nickel as a strategic industrial metal. As a result, the Mint temporarily changed the composition of the five-cent coin.

Wartime nickels were produced using an alloy containing 35% silver, 56% copper, and 9% manganese.

Silver-composition nickels can generally be identified by their unusually large mint mark located above Monticello on the reverse. Philadelphia coins carry a large P, marking the first widespread appearance of the Philadelphia mint mark on U.S. coinage.

Not every 1942 Jefferson Nickel is silver. Collectors should look for the large mint mark above Monticello.

Because each wartime nickel contains approximately 0.056 troy ounce of silver, even common circulated examples are normally worth more than face value.

Westward Journey Nickels: 2004–2005

The Westward Journey Nickel Series brought the first major design changes to the Jefferson Nickel in decades.

Four special reverse designs were issued:

Year Reverse Design
2004 Louisiana Purchase / Peace Medal
2004 Keelboat
2005 American Bison
2005 Ocean in View

The designs commemorated the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark expedition.

In 2005, Jefferson also received a redesigned obverse portrait.

One particularly popular modern variety is the 2005-D Speared Bison Nickel, created by a major die defect producing a raised line across the bison. Authentic examples can command substantial premiums.

Return to Monticello Nickel: 2006–Present

In 2006, Monticello returned to the reverse with improved architectural details.

The obverse introduced a new forward-facing portrait of Thomas Jefferson designed by Jamie Franki. The word LIBERTY is based on Jefferson's handwriting.

This basic design remains the foundation of the nickel in 2026.

Special 2026 Jefferson Nickel

For the United States Semiquincentennial, the 2026 Jefferson Nickel carries the special dual date:

1776 ~ 2026

The Jefferson portrait and Monticello design otherwise remain familiar. Regular circulated examples should not automatically be considered rare simply because they bear the special anniversary date. Condition, mint mark, production totals, proof status, and future collector demand will determine long-term premiums.

U.S. Nickel Value Chart – 2026 Collector Estimates

Values below are approximate ranges for genuine, problem-free examples. Certified high-grade coins can sell for much more.

Nickel Approximate Collector Value
Common Shield Nickel, circulated $40–$200+
1867 Shield Nickel With Rays $45–$500+
1879 Shield Nickel $550–$5,000+
1880 Shield Nickel $2,000–$100,000+
Common Liberty Head Nickel $2–$30
1883 No CENTS Nickel $10–$100+
1885 Liberty Nickel $500–$10,000+
1886 Liberty Nickel $250–$10,000+
1912-S Liberty Nickel $150–$10,000+
1913 Liberty Head Nickel About $3 million–$6.75 million+
Common Buffalo Nickel with date $1–$10
1913-S Type 2 Buffalo $200–$5,000+
1918/7-D Buffalo $650–$100,000+
1926-S Buffalo $20–$10,000+
1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo $475–$50,000+
Common Jefferson Nickel $0.05–$1
1939-D Jefferson Nickel $8–$100+
Common Wartime Silver Nickel $1.50–$5+
1942-D D/Horizontal D $50–$1,000+
1943/2-P Jefferson Nickel $100–$5,000+
1950-D Jefferson Nickel $8–$100+
1971 No-S Proof Nickel About $800–$1,500+
2005-D Speared Bison $50–$500+
Common 2004–2005 Westward Nickel $0.05–$2
Regular 2006–2025 Jefferson Nickel $0.05–$2
2026 1776~2026 Nickel Face value to modest premium initially

Most Valuable U.S. Nickel Errors and Varieties

Error and variety collecting can dramatically increase the potential value of a nickel.

Popular examples include overdates, where one date was punched or modified over another; doubled dies, which create visible doubling in letters, dates, or design elements; and overmintmarks, in which one mint mark appears over another.

Collectors also search for off-center strikes, clipped planchets, wrong-planchet errors, broadstrikes, die breaks, and major strike-through errors.

However, ordinary scratches, corrosion, discoloration, worn dates, and post-mint damage are not Mint errors.

What Does “Full Steps” Mean on Jefferson Nickels?

One of the most important terms for advanced Jefferson Nickel collectors is Full Steps, often abbreviated FS.

Monticello has several horizontal steps below the building. Strongly struck uncirculated nickels may show five or six complete steps without major interruptions.

Full Steps Jefferson Nickels can be significantly scarcer than normally struck examples of the same year. Some otherwise common dates become major condition rarities with the FS designation.

Factors That Determine Nickel Value

Several factors influence how much a U.S. nickel is worth.

Rarity: Low mintage or low surviving population generally increases demand.

Condition: A Mint State coin can be worth many times more than a heavily circulated example.

Mint mark: Philadelphia, Denver, San Francisco, and historical minting differences can create valuable date-and-mint combinations.

Variety: Overdates, doubled dies, missing mint marks, and major die varieties often attract specialist collectors.

Strike quality: Full Steps Jefferson Nickels and sharply struck Buffalo Nickels can carry premiums.

Original surfaces: Cleaning, polishing, scratches, corrosion, and other damage can sharply reduce collectible value.

List of U.S. Nickels Coins 1866 to Today (2026 Updated)

The U.S. nickel coin has played a major role in American currency history since its first release in 1866. Over the decades, the United States Mint has introduced several iconic nickel designs including the Shield Nickel, Liberty Head Nickel, Buffalo Nickel, and the Jefferson Nickel series that continues today. Collectors highly value many old nickels because of rare mintages, silver wartime compositions, historical significance, minting errors, and excellent preservation grades. Some vintage nickels can be worth only a few dollars, while key-date rarities and rare error coins may sell for thousands or even millions of dollars in the modern coin market. From the legendary 1913 Liberty Head Nickel to modern collectible Jefferson Nickels, U.S. five-cent coins remain among the most popular and affordable collectibles for both beginner and advanced coin collectors in 2026.

Year Nickel Coin Type Mint Mark Estimated Value (2026)
1866 Shield Nickel None $25 – $2,500
1867 Rays Shield Nickel None $40 – $5,000
1868 Shield Nickel None $20 – $1,800
1871 Shield Nickel None $45 – $3,500
1877 Shield Nickel None $500 – $15,000
1878 Shield Nickel None $550 – $18,000
1880 Shield Nickel None $1,200 – $20,000
1881 Shield Nickel None $600 – $8,500
1883 No Cents Liberty Head Nickel None $15 – $2,000
1885 Liberty Head Nickel None $450 – $22,000
1886 Liberty Head Nickel None $350 – $18,000
1894 Liberty Head Nickel None $25 – $2,500
1912-S Liberty Head Nickel S $120 – $7,000
1913 Liberty Head Nickel None $4,000,000+
1913 Type 1 Buffalo Nickel None $20 – $2,500
1913 Type 2 Buffalo Nickel None $25 – $3,000
1914-D Buffalo Nickel D $150 – $9,000
1916 Doubled Die Buffalo Nickel None $5,000 – $150,000
1918/7-D Buffalo Nickel Error D $30,000 – $350,000
1921-S Buffalo Nickel S $400 – $6,000
1924-S Buffalo Nickel S $500 – $15,000
1926-S Buffalo Nickel S $1,500 – $12,000
1935 DDR Buffalo Nickel None $1,000 – $8,000
1936-D 3½ Legs Buffalo Nickel D $5,000 – $25,000
1937-D 3 Legs Buffalo Nickel Error D $2,500 – $7,500
1938-D Jefferson Nickel D $20 – $33,000
1939-D Jefferson Nickel D $10 – $6,000
1942-P Silver War Nickel Jefferson Nickel P $2 – $2,500
1942-D Over Horizontal D Jefferson Nickel Error D $2,000 – $35,000
1943/2-P Jefferson Nickel Error P $2,500 – $18,000
1944-P Silver Nickel Jefferson Nickel P $3 – $1,500
1945-D Silver Nickel Jefferson Nickel D $3 – $25,000
1949-D/S Jefferson Nickel Error D/S $2,000 – $35,000
1950-D Jefferson Nickel D $20 – $20,000
1951-S Jefferson Nickel S $15 – $18,000
1954-S Jefferson Nickel S $40 – $35,000
1964 SMS Jefferson Nickel Special Mint Set None $2,000 – $32,000
1964-D RPM Jefferson Nickel Error D $150 – $18,000
1971 No S Proof Jefferson Nickel Error None $1,500 – $9,000
1994-P Matte Proof Jefferson Nickel P $20 – $250
2004 Peace Medal Jefferson Nickel P/D Face Value – $150
2005 Buffalo Reverse Jefferson Nickel P/D Face Value – $120
2006 Return to Monticello Jefferson Nickel P/D Face Value – $80
2020-W Jefferson Nickel W $15 – $300
2026 Modern Jefferson Nickel P/D/S Face Value – $25

Most Valuable U.S. Nickels Ever Recorded

Rank Nickel Coin Estimated High Value
1 1913 Liberty Head Nickel $4.5 Million+
2 1918/7-D Buffalo Nickel $350,000+
3 1916 Doubled Die Buffalo Nickel $150,000+
4 1936-D 3½ Legs Buffalo Nickel $25,000+
5 1954-S Jefferson Nickel $35,000+
6 1949-D/S Jefferson Nickel $35,000+
7 1942-D Over Horizontal D $35,000+
8 1938-D Jefferson Nickel $33,000+
9 1964 SMS Jefferson Nickel $32,000+
10 1950-D Jefferson Nickel $20,000+

Important Facts About U.S. Nickels

  • The first U.S. nickel was introduced in 1866.
  • Nickels are composed mainly of copper and nickel alloy.
  • Wartime nickels from 1942 to 1945 contain 35% silver.
  • Buffalo Nickels are among the most famous American collectible coins.
  • Jefferson Nickels are still produced today by the U.S. Mint.
  • Rare mint errors significantly increase coin value.
  • Condition and grading play a major role in determining market price.
  • The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel remains one of the rarest coins in American history.

    📚 History of United States Nickels

    1️⃣ Shield Nickels (1866–1883)

    • Designer: James B. Longacre

    • Composition: 75% copper, 25% nickel

    • Design Theme: Symbol of post-Civil War unity with a shield on the obverse

    • Notable Varieties: 1867 with rays vs. without rays

    🪙 Key Dates:

    • 1877 – Low mintage

    • 1879–1881 – Scarce dates
      💰 Value Range: $20 – $2,500+ depending on condition

    2️⃣ Liberty Head Nickels (1883–1913)

    • Also called “V Nickels” due to the Roman numeral "V" on the reverse

    • Early coins lacked the word "CENTS", causing counterfeiting issues

    • Final year of official production: 1912

    🪙 Key Dates:

    • 1885 & 1886 – Low mintage years

    • 1913 – Only 5 specimens known; among the most famous U.S. coins

    💰 Value Range:

    • Common dates: $3 – $50

    • 1885: $250+

    • 1913: $4.5 million+ (auction record)

    3️⃣ Buffalo Nickels (1913–1938)

    • Designer: James Earle Fraser

    • Features a Native American portrait and American bison

    • Two major reverse designs in 1913: Type 1 (raised mound), Type 2 (flat plain)

    🪙 Key Dates:

    • 1913-S Type 2

    • 1916 Doubled Die Obverse

    • 1918/7-D Overdate

    • 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo (Mint Error)

    💰 Value Range: $1 – $100,000+ for rare issues and high grades

    4️⃣ Jefferson Nickels (1938–2003)

    • Designed by Felix Schlag

    • Features Thomas Jefferson and Monticello

    • Stable and long-lasting design

    • Popular with collectors for affordability and availability

    🪙 Key Dates:

    • 1939-D – Scarce

    • 1942–1945 Wartime Nickels made with 35% silver (to conserve nickel for war effort)

    • 1950-D – One of the lowest-mintage Jefferson nickels

    💰 Value Range:

    • Wartime Nickels: $1 – $25

    • 1950-D: $15 – $500

    • Rare high-grade examples: $1,000+

    5️⃣ Westward Journey Series (2004–2005)

    • Commemorates Lewis and Clark’s expedition

    • Designs include Peace Medal, Keelboat, Bison, Ocean in View

    🪙 Notable Error: 2005 Speared Bison (die gouge variety)

    💰 Value: Face value to $500+ for errors and high-grade coins

    6️⃣ Return to Monticello Series (2006–Present)

    • Modernized design of Jefferson

    • Enhanced detail and revised portrait

    • Lower mintage in 2009 due to economic downturn

    🪙 Collector Tip: Look for satin finish nickels from special Mint Sets (2005–2010)

    💰 Value Range: 5¢ to $25+ for BU coins or errors

    📈 Complete U.S. Nickels Value Chart

    Nickel Series Key Dates Mintage Value Range (G–MS65+)
    Shield 1879, 1880, 1881 <100,000 $50 – $2,000+
    Liberty 1885, 1886, 1913 <2 million $100 – $4.5M
    Buffalo 1918/7-D, 1937-D 3-legged Rare $50 – $100,000+
    Jefferson 1939-D, 1950-D <3 million $1 – $1,000+
    Wartime (Silver) 1943-P, 1944-D Medium $2 – $25+
    Westward Journey 2005 Speared Bison Error $1 – $500+
    Modern Return 2009-P, Satin Finish coins Scarce 25¢ – $20+

    ⚠️ Rare U.S. Nickel Errors to Watch For

    Nickel errors can drastically increase value. Examples include:

    • Doubled die obverse/reverse (e.g. 1939 DDO)

    • Off-center strikes

    • Clipped planchets

    • Die breaks

    • Repunched mint marks

    • Speared Bison (2005)

    💡 Pro Tip: Error coins should be authenticated by PCGS or NGC for full market value.

    🛒 Where to Buy and Sell U.S. Nickels

    • Online: eBay, GreatCollections, Heritage Auctions

    • Graded Coins: Stick with PCGS/NGC-certified options

    • Coin Shows & Dealers: Especially for rare or high-grade nickels

    • Facebook/Reddit Coin Groups: Always be cautious and verify sellers

    🧠 Tips for Collectors: Building a Nickel Collection

    1. Start with Jefferson Nickels – Most affordable entry point

    2. Look for Key Dates First – Then fill in common coins

    3. Invest in Storage – Use archival-safe albums or tubes

    4. Grading is Key – Higher grade = exponential increase in value

    5. Use Reference Books – "A Guide Book of United States Coins" (Red Book)

    🧾 Summary: Why Collecting U.S. Nickels Is Worth It

    From the Civil War-era Shield Nickel to the modern Jefferson nickel, this denomination offers a unique lens into American history. Affordable, widely available, and rich in collectible rarities, U.S. nickels are the ideal coin for beginners and experienced numismatists alike.

    Whether you're searching for that elusive 1913 Liberty Head, hoping to spot a Buffalo nickel error, or simply fascinated by America’s past, collecting U.S. nickels is both a rewarding and potentially profitable endeavor.

    Complete List of U.S. Nickels 1866 to Today: Mintages and Values (2026 Updated)

    The complete list of U.S. nickels from 1866 to today includes four major coin series: the Shield nickel, Liberty Head or “V” nickel, Buffalo nickel, and Jefferson nickel. This updated 2026 U.S. nickel value guide provides year-by-year mint marks, reported mintages, major design varieties, wartime silver issues, proofs, special finishes, and estimated retail prices. Important collectible dates include the 1877 and 1878 proof-only Shield nickels, 1880 Shield nickel, 1885 and 1912-S Liberty nickels, famous 1913 Liberty Head rarity, 1913-S Type 2 and 1926-S Buffalo nickels, 1939-D and 1950-D Jefferson nickels, 1942–1945 silver wartime nickels, 1994-P and 1997-P matte-finish coins, low-mintage 2009 and 2024 issues, and the one-year dual-dated 1776–2026 nickel. All listed prices are approximate U.S. retail estimates for problem-free coins. Actual value depends on grade, original surfaces, strike quality, Full Steps designation, varieties, errors, certification, and current collector demand.

    Price grades: G-4 = Good, F-12 = Fine, EF-40 = Extremely Fine, MS-60 = basic uncirculated, and PR = proof. Prices are stated in U.S. dollars.

    Shield Nickel Values and Mintages, 1866–1883

    Year and variety Mint Mintage G-4 F-12 EF-40 MS-60 or Proof
    1866 With Rays Philadelphia 14,742,500 $30 $50 $150 $250
    1867 With Rays Philadelphia 2,019,000 $35 $65 $200 $300
    1867 No Rays Philadelphia 28,890,500 $30 $50 $150 $250
    1868 Philadelphia 28,817,000 $25 $35 $65 $110
    1869 Philadelphia 16,395,000 $25 $35 $65 $110
    1870 Philadelphia 4,806,000 $30 $60 $100 $150
    1871 Philadelphia 561,000 $80 $150 $280 $350
    1872 Philadelphia 6,036,000 $35 $75 $125 $175
    1873 Closed 3 Philadelphia Included in 4,549,100 total $30 $60 $140 $200
    1873 Open 3 Philadelphia Included in 4,549,100 total $30 $60 $100 $140
    1874 Philadelphia 3,538,000 $30 $65 $125 $170
    1875 Philadelphia 2,097,000 $45 $100 $160 $220
    1876 Philadelphia 2,530,000 $40 $80 $150 $200
    1877 Proof only Philadelphia 900 — — — $900–$5,000+
    1878 Proof only Philadelphia 2,350 — — — $700–$3,000+
    1879 Philadelphia 29,100 $450–$600 $750–$900 $1,300–$1,700 $2,200–$3,000+
    1880 Philadelphia 19,995 $2,000–$2,500 $3,000–$4,000 $5,000–$7,000 $8,000–$12,000+
    1881 Philadelphia 72,375 $220 $260 $500 $950–$1,500
    1882 Philadelphia 11,476,600 $25 $35 $65 $110
    1883 Philadelphia 1,456,919 $25 $35 $65 $110

    Mintage figures include recorded circulation and proof production where applicable. The rare 1877–1881 issues vary significantly by grade and certification.

    Liberty Head “V” Nickel Values and Mintages, 1883–1913

    Year and variety Mint Mintage G-4 F-12 EF-40 MS-60
    1883 No Cents Philadelphia 5,479,519 $7 $9 $15 $18
    1883 With Cents Philadelphia 16,032,983 $20 $35 $85 $120
    1884 Philadelphia 11,273,942 $20 $35 $85 $130
    1885 Philadelphia 1,476,490 $550 $850 $1,350 $1,700+
    1886 Philadelphia 3,330,290 $275 $425 $700 $825+
    1887 Philadelphia 15,263,652 $15 $35 $75 $110
    1888 Philadelphia 10,720,483 $30 $60 $175 $220
    1889 Philadelphia 15,881,361 $15 $30 $75 $120
    1890 Philadelphia 16,259,272 $10 $25 $65 $110
    1891 Philadelphia 16,834,350 $7 $25 $70 $125
    1892 Philadelphia 11,699,642 $6 $20 $65 $110
    1893 Philadelphia 13,370,195 $6 $20 $65 $110
    1894 Philadelphia 5,413,132 $20 $100 $240 $300
    1895 Philadelphia 9,979,884 $6 $22 $70 $115
    1896 Philadelphia 8,842,920 $9 $35 $90 $150
    1897 Philadelphia 20,428,735 $4 $12 $45 $70
    1898 Philadelphia 12,532,087 $4 $12 $45 $75
    1899 Philadelphia 26,029,031 $2 $8 $30 $60
    1900 Philadelphia 27,255,995 $2 $8 $30 $65
    1901 Philadelphia 26,480,213 $2 $5 $30 $60
    1902 Philadelphia 31,480,579 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1903 Philadelphia 28,006,725 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1904 Philadelphia 21,404,984 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1905 Philadelphia 29,827,276 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1906 Philadelphia 38,613,725 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1907 Philadelphia 39,214,800 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1908 Philadelphia 22,686,177 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1909 Philadelphia 11,590,526 $3 $5 $32 $70
    1910 Philadelphia 30,169,353 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1911 Philadelphia 39,559,372 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1912 Philadelphia 26,236,714 $2 $4 $30 $60
    1912-D Denver 8,474,000 $3 $10 $85 $175
    1912-S San Francisco 238,000 $175 $285 $850 $1,400+
    1913 Liberty Head Unauthorized rarity 5 known Authentication required Authentication required Authentication required About $3 million or more

    Only five genuine 1913 Liberty Head nickels are known. Their values are determined by individual pedigree, preservation, and major-auction demand rather than a normal retail price table.

    Buffalo Nickel Values and Mintages, 1913–1938

    Year and variety Mint Mintage G-4 F-12 EF-40 MS-60
    1913 Type 1 Philadelphia 30,993,520 $12 $16 $25 $35
    1913-D Type 1 Denver 5,337,000 $15 $24 $42 $60
    1913-S Type 1 San Francisco 2,105,000 $45 $60 $90 $110
    1913 Type 2 Philadelphia 29,858,700 $10 $14 $22 $30
    1913-D Type 2 Denver 4,156,000 $120 $175 $235 $260
    1913-S Type 2 San Francisco 1,209,000 $340 $450 $600 $750+
    1914 Philadelphia 20,665,738 $20 $25 $35 $45
    1914-D Denver 3,912,000 $90 $160 $325 $400
    1914-S San Francisco 3,470,000 $26 $45 $90 $160
    1915 Philadelphia 20,987,270 $6 $9 $25 $45
    1915-D Denver 7,569,500 $20 $40 $130 $160
    1915-S San Francisco 1,505,000 $50 $115 $400 $500
    1916 Philadelphia 63,498,066 $6 $8 $15 $25
    1916-D Denver 13,333,000 $16 $30 $90 $120
    1916-S San Francisco 11,860,000 $10 $20 $90 $125
    1917 Philadelphia 51,424,029 $8 $10 $16 $35
    1917-D Denver 9,910,800 $18 $50 $150 $275
    1917-S San Francisco 4,193,000 $22 $75 $200 $375
    1918 Philadelphia 32,086,314 $6 $8 $32 $50
    1918-D Denver 8,362,314 $22 $65 $225 $350
    1918-S San Francisco 4,882,000 $14 $55 $200 $325
    1919 Philadelphia 60,868,000 $2.25 $3.50 $15 $32
    1919-D Denver 8,006,000 $15 $75 $260 $350
    1919-S San Francisco 7,521,000 $9 $50 $260 $375
    1920 Philadelphia 63,093,000 $1.50 $3 $14 $30
    1920-D Denver 9,418,000 $8 $32 $275 $325
    1920-S San Francisco 9,689,000 $4.50 $28 $200 $300
    1921 Philadelphia 10,663,000 $4 $8 $50 $75
    1921-S San Francisco 1,557,000 $75 $200 $950 $1,200+
    1922 No production — — — — —
    1923 Philadelphia 35,715,000 $2 $4 $13 $35
    1923-S San Francisco 6,142,000 $8 $30 $300 $400
    1924 Philadelphia 21,620,000 $1.50 $5 $24 $42
    1924-D Denver 5,258,000 $8.50 $30 $235 $325
    1924-S San Francisco 1,437,000 $20 $75 $800 $2,000+
    1925 Philadelphia 35,565,100 $3 $4 $15 $32
    1925-D Denver 4,450,000 $10 $40 $185 $265
    1925-S San Francisco 6,256,000 $5 $18 $180 $250
    1926 Philadelphia 44,693,000 $1.25 $2.50 $10 $20
    1926-D Denver 5,638,000 $10 $28 $185 $300
    1926-S San Francisco 970,000 $25 $100 $900 $2,650+
    1927 Philadelphia 37,981,000 $1.25 $2.50 $12 $21
    1927-D Denver 5,730,000 $2.50 $7 $80 $135
    1927-S San Francisco 3,430,000 $1.50 $5 $95 $185
    1928 Philadelphia 23,411,000 $1.25 $2.50 $13 $23
    1928-D Denver 6,436,000 $1.50 $5 $45 $50
    1928-S San Francisco 6,936,000 $1.75 $2.50 $26 $110
    1929 Philadelphia 36,446,000 $1.25 $2.50 $12 $20
    1929-D Denver 8,370,000 $1.50 $2.50 $13 $23
    1929-S San Francisco 7,754,000 $1.50 $2 $12 $25
    1930 Philadelphia 22,849,000 $1.25 $2.50 $11 $20
    1930-S San Francisco 5,435,000 $1.25 $2.50 $14 $35
    1931-S San Francisco 1,200,000 $15 $20 $35 $55
    1932 No production — — — — —
    1933 No production — — — — —
    1934 Philadelphia 20,213,003 $1.25 $2.50 $10 $18
    1934-D Denver 7,480,000 $1.50 $4 $20 $45
    1935 Philadelphia 58,264,000 $1 $1.75 $3 $10
    1935-D Denver 12,092,000 $1 $2.50 $18 $42
    1935-S San Francisco 10,300,000 $1 $2 $4 $18
    1936 Philadelphia 119,001,420 $1 $1.75 $3 $9
    1936-D Denver 24,814,000 $1 $1.75 $4 $12
    1936-S San Francisco 14,930,000 $1 $1.75 $4 $12
    1937 Philadelphia 79,485,769 $1 $1.75 $3 $9
    1937-D Denver 17,826,000 $1 $1.75 $4 $10
    1937-S San Francisco 5,635,000 $1 $1.75 $5 $9
    1938-D Denver 7,020,000 $3.50 $4.50 $5 $8

    The 1918/7-D overdate, 1935 doubled-die reverse, 1936-D three-and-a-half-leg, and 1937-D three-legged Buffalo are major varieties and are not represented by the ordinary-date prices above.

    Jefferson Nickel Values and Mintages, 1938–1964

    Year Mint Mintage Typical circulated value EF-40 MS-60
    1938 Philadelphia 19,515,365 $0.25–$1 $1 $1.50
    1938-D Denver 5,376,000 $0.50–$2 $2 $3
    1938-S San Francisco 4,105,000 $0.75–$3 $3 $3.50
    1939 Philadelphia 120,627,535 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1939-D Denver 3,514,000 $3–$13 $13 $30+
    1939-S San Francisco 6,630,000 $0.25–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1940 Philadelphia 176,499,158 $0.05–$0.40 $0.40 $0.75
    1940-D Denver 43,540,000 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1940-S San Francisco 39,690,000 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1941 Philadelphia 203,283,720 $0.05–$0.30 $0.30 $0.50
    1941-D Denver 53,432,000 $0.10–$0.40 $0.40 $1.50
    1941-S San Francisco 43,445,000 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1.50
    1942 regular Philadelphia 49,818,600 $0.10–$0.45 $0.45 $1.25
    1942-D regular Denver 13,938,000 $0.50–$2 $2 $5
    1942-P silver Philadelphia 57,900,600 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3.25
    1942-S silver San Francisco 32,900,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3.25
    1943-P silver Philadelphia 271,165,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1943-D silver Denver 15,294,000 $2.50–$3.50 $3.50 $4
    1943-S silver San Francisco 104,060,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1944-P silver Philadelphia 119,150,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3.25
    1944-D silver Denver 32,309,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1944-S silver San Francisco 21,640,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1945-P silver Philadelphia 119,408,100 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1945-D silver Denver 37,158,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1945-S silver San Francisco 58,939,000 $2–$2.50 $2.50 $3
    1946 Philadelphia 161,116,000 $0.05–$0.30 $0.30 $0.35
    1946-D Denver 45,292,200 $0.10–$0.40 $0.40 $0.45
    1946-S San Francisco 13,560,000 $0.10–$0.45 $0.45 $0.50
    1947 Philadelphia 95,000,000 $0.05–$0.30 $0.30 $0.35
    1947-D Denver 37,822,000 $0.10–$0.35 $0.35 $0.40
    1947-S San Francisco 24,720,000 $0.10–$0.30 $0.30 $0.35
    1948 Philadelphia 89,348,000 $0.20–$1.50 $1.50 $3.50
    1948-D Denver 44,734,000 $0.25–$2 $2 $4.75
    1948-S San Francisco 11,300,000 $0.25–$2 $2 $4.50
    1949 Philadelphia 60,652,000 $0.50–$4 $4 $7.50
    1949-D Denver 36,498,000 $0.25–$2 $2 $5.50
    1949-S San Francisco 9,716,000 $0.50–$2.50 $2.50 $5.50
    1950 Philadelphia 9,847,386 $0.50–$3.25 $3.25 $6
    1950-D Denver 2,630,030 $5–$16 $16 $20+
    1951 Philadelphia 28,609,500 $0.50–$4 $4 $8.50
    1951-D Denver 20,460,000 $0.75–$5 $5 $10
    1951-S San Francisco 7,776,000 $0.25–$2 $2 $4.50
    1952 Philadelphia 64,069,980 $0.20–$1.50 $1.50 $3.50
    1952-D Denver 30,638,000 $0.50–$5 $5 $9
    1952-S San Francisco 20,572,000 $0.20–$1.50 $1.50 $3.50
    1953 Philadelphia 46,772,800 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1.50
    1953-D Denver 59,878,600 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1.50
    1953-S San Francisco 19,210,900 $0.10–$1 $1 $2
    1954 Philadelphia 47,917,350 $0.25–$1.50 $1.50 $3
    1954-D Denver 117,136,560 $0.10–$1 $1 $1.50
    1954-S San Francisco 29,384,000 $0.25–$2 $2 $3
    1955 Philadelphia 8,266,200 $0.25–$1 $1 $2
    1955-D Denver 74,464,100 $0.10–$0.75 $0.75 $1.10
    1956 Philadelphia 35,885,384 $0.10–$0.75 $0.75 $1
    1956-D Denver 67,222,940 $0.10–$0.75 $0.75 $1
    1957 Philadelphia 39,655,952 $0.10–$0.75 $0.75 $1
    1957-D Denver 136,828,900 $0.10–$0.70 $0.70 $1
    1958 Philadelphia 17,963,652 $0.10–$0.80 $0.80 $1.50
    1958-D Denver 168,249,120 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1959 Philadelphia 28,397,291 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1959-D Denver 160,738,240 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1960 Philadelphia 57,107,602 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1960-D Denver 192,582,180 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $2
    1961 Philadelphia 76,668,244 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1961-D Denver 229,342,760 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $2
    1962 Philadelphia 110,602,019 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1962-D Denver 280,195,720 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1963 Philadelphia 178,851,645 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1963-D Denver 276,829,460 $0.10–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1964 Philadelphia 1,028,622,762 $0.05–$0.50 $0.50 $1
    1964-D Denver 1,787,297,160 $0.05–$0.50 $0.50 $1

    Wartime nickels dated 1942–1945 contain 35% silver and carry a large mint mark above Monticello. Their minimum market value changes with the price of silver.

    Jefferson Nickel Mintages and Values, 1965–1999

    Year Mint and reported mintage Typical circulated value Typical uncirculated or special-issue value
    1965 No mint mark: 136,131,380 $0.05–$0.25 $0.50–$3; SMS approximately $1–$6
    1966 No mint mark: 156,208,283 $0.05–$0.25 $0.50–$3; SMS approximately $1–$6
    1967 No mint mark: 107,325,800 $0.05–$0.25 $0.50–$3; SMS approximately $1–$6
    1968 D: 91,227,880; S: 100,396,004 $0.05–$0.50 $0.75–$5
    1969 D: 202,807,500; S: 123,099,631 $0.05–$0.50 $0.75–$5
    1970 D: 515,485,380; S: 241,464,814 $0.05–$0.50 $0.75–$5
    1971 P: 106,884,000; D: 316,144,800; S Proof: 3,220,733 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1972 P: 202,036,000; D: 351,694,600; S Proof: 3,260,996 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1973 P: 384,396,000; D: 261,405,000; S Proof: 2,760,339 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1974 P: 601,752,000; D: 277,373,000; S Proof: 2,612,568 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1975 P: 181,772,000; D: 401,875,300; S Proof: 2,845,450 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1976 P: 367,124,000; D: 563,964,147; S Proof: 2,845,450 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1977 P: 585,376,000; D: 297,313,460; S Proof: 3,251,152 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1978 P: 391,308,000; D: 313,092,780; S Proof: 3,127,781 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1979 P: 463,188,000; D: 325,867,672; S Proof: 3,677,175 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1980 P: 593,004,000; D: 502,323,448; S Proof: 3,554,806 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1981 P: 657,504,000; D: 364,801,843; S Proof: 4,063,083 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1982 P: 292,355,000; D: 373,726,544; S Proof: 3,857,479 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1983 P: 561,615,000; D: 536,726,276; S Proof: 3,279,126 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$4; Proof: $1–$6
    1984 P: 746,769,000; D: 517,675,146; S Proof: 3,065,110 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1985 P: 647,114,962; D: 459,747,446; S Proof: 3,362,821 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1986 P: 536,883,483; D: 361,819,140; S Proof: 3,010,497 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1987 P: 371,499,481; D: 410,590,604; S Proof: 4,227,728 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1988 P: 771,360,000; D: 663,771,652; S Proof: 3,262,948 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1989 P: 898,812,000; D: 570,842,474; S Proof: 3,220,194 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1990 P: 661,636,000; D: 663,938,503; S Proof: 3,299,559 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1991 P: 614,104,000; D: 436,496,678; S Proof: 2,867,787 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1992 P: 399,552,000; D: 450,565,113; S Proof: 4,176,560 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1993 P: 412,076,000; D: 406,084,135; S Proof: 3,394,792 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1994 P: 722,160,000; D: 715,762,110; S Proof: 3,269,923; P Matte: 167,703 $0.05–$0.25 Regular: $0.50–$4; Proof: $1–$6; Matte: $40–$100+
    1995 P: 774,156,000; D: 888,112,000; S Proof: 2,797,481 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1996 P: 829,332,000; D: 817,736,000; S Proof: 2,525,625 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1997 P: 470,972,000; D: 466,640,000; S Proof: 2,796,678; P Matte: 25,000 $0.05–$0.25 Regular: $0.50–$4; Proof: $1–$6; Matte: $125–$300+
    1998 P: 688,292,000; D: 635,380,000; S Proof: 2,086,507 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    1999 P: 1,212,000,000; D: 1,066,720,000; S Proof: 3,347,966 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6

    The rare 1971-S No S proof variety is not valued as an ordinary proof. Genuine examples require professional authentication and can sell for substantially higher prices.

    Jefferson Nickel Mintages and Values, 2000–2026

    Year and design Mint and reported mintage Typical circulated value Typical uncirculated, proof or special value
    2000 Monticello P: 846,240,000; D: 1,509,220,000; S Proof: 4,047,993 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    2001 Monticello P: 675,704,000; D: 627,680,000; S Proof: 3,184,606 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    2002 Monticello P: 529,280,000; D: 691,200,000; S Proof: 3,211,995 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    2003 Monticello P: 441,840,000; D: 383,040,000; S Proof: 3,298,439 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $1–$6
    2004 Peace Medal P: 361,440,000; D: 372,000,000; S Proof: 2,992,069 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2004 Keelboat P: 366,720,000; D: 344,880,000; S Proof: 2,965,422 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2005 American Bison P: 448,320,000; D: 487,680,000; S Proof: 3,344,679 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2005 Ocean in View P: 394,080,000; D: 411,120,000; S Proof: 3,344,679 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2006 Return to Monticello P: 693,120,000; D: 809,280,000; S Proof: 3,054,436 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2007 P: 571,680,000; D: 626,160,000; S Proof: 2,577,166 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$6
    2008 P: 279,840,000; D: 345,600,000; S Proof: 2,169,561 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$4; Proof: $2–$6
    2009 P: 39,840,000; D: 46,800,000; S Proof: 2,179,867 $0.10–$1 P/D: $2–$10; Proof: $3–$8
    2010 P: 260,640,000; D: 229,920,000; S Proof: 1,689,216 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$4; Proof: $2–$7
    2011 P: 450,000,000; D: 540,240,000; S Proof: 1,673,010 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2012 P: 464,640,000; D: 558,960,000; S Proof: 1,239,148 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2013 P: 607,440,000; D: 615,600,000; S Proof: 1,274,505 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2014 P: 635,520,000; D: 570,720,000; S Proof: 1,193,735 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2015 P: 752,880,000; D: 846,720,000; S Proof: 1,099,413 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2016 P: 786,960,000; D: 759,600,000; S Proof: 1,011,684 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$7
    2017 P: 710,160,000; D: 663,120,000; S Proof: 979,498; S Enhanced: 223,310 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$8; Enhanced: $5–$15
    2018 P: 629,520,000; D: 626,880,000; S Proof: 898,986; S Reverse Proof: 199,177 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$8; Reverse Proof: $5–$15
    2019 P: 567,854,400; D: 527,040,000; S Proof: 989,862 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $2–$8
    2020 P: 785,500,000; D: 837,600,000; S Proof: 777,913; W Proof: 464,730; W Reverse Proof: 313,183 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; S Proof: $3–$8; W issues: $15–$40+
    2021 P: 772,780,000; D: 798,000,000; S Proof: 513,866 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $3–$8
    2022 P: 769,920,000; D: 777,600,000; S Proof: 400,002 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $3–$10
    2023 P: 692,600,000; D: 734,800,000; S Proof: 369,236 $0.05–$0.25 P/D: $0.50–$3; Proof: $3–$10
    2024 P: 79,920,000; D: 32,880,000; S Proof: 355,786 $0.10–$1 P/D: $2–$15; Proof: $3–$10
    2025 P: 443,840,000; D: 322,320,000; S Proof: 304,725 $0.05–$0.50 P/D: $0.50–$5; Proof: $3–$12
    2026 dual-dated 1776–2026 P: 240,000,000 YTD; D: 276,700,000 YTD Approximately $0.05–$1 Early uncirculated estimate: $1–$10; final market pending

    The 2026 figures are production totals through June 30, 2026, not final calendar-year mintages. The one-year Semiquincentennial nickel carries the dual date 1776–2026, and its final mintage and long-term collector value cannot be established until production and distribution are complete.

    Important U.S. Nickel Value Notes

    Coin category Value guidance
    Cleaned, corroded, scratched or damaged coins Usually worth less than the listed problem-free value
    Full Steps Jefferson nickels High-grade examples can sell for several times the ordinary uncirculated price
    Proof and Deep Cameo coins Value depends heavily on surface quality, contrast and certified grade
    Buffalo nickels without readable dates Usually worth approximately $0.20–$1 unless a mint mark or variety remains identifiable
    1942–1945 silver nickels Value changes with silver prices and collector demand
    Major doubled dies, overdates and missing-mintmark varieties Must be valued separately from ordinary coins
    Mint errors Off-center strikes, wrong planchets, clips and other authenticated errors may command premiums
    Certified top-population coins Record-grade examples can sell far above normal price-guide estimates

    Collector warning: Never clean a potentially valuable nickel. Abrasive cleaning, polishing, chemical dipping, or attempting to restore the surface can permanently reduce its numismatic value.

    Frequently Asked Questions About U.S. Nickels: History, Types, Values, Errors and Collecting Guide

    U.S. nickels are among the most recognizable and widely collected coins in American numismatics. The five-cent coin has been produced since 1866 and has featured several famous designs, including the Shield Nickel, Liberty Head Nickel, Buffalo Nickel, and Jefferson Nickel.

    Collectors appreciate U.S. nickels because they combine historical importance, affordable entry-level collecting, rare key dates, silver wartime issues, valuable errors, and high-grade varieties. This FAQ guide explains the history, major types, compositions, mint marks, errors, values, grading terms, and collecting opportunities associated with United States nickels.

    Frequently Asked Questions About U.S. Nickels

    1. What is a U.S. nickel?

    A U.S. nickel is a five-cent legal-tender coin issued by the United States Mint. The modern nickel denomination was introduced in 1866 and continues to be produced for circulation and collector products.

    2. Why is the five-cent coin called a nickel?

    The name “nickel” developed because the new five-cent coin introduced in 1866 contained a copper-nickel alloy. The term became commonly associated with the denomination after the introduction of the Shield Nickel.

    3. What was the first U.S. nickel?

    The Shield Nickel, first struck in 1866, was the first U.S. five-cent coin commonly identified as a nickel. Before its introduction, the United States used the smaller silver half dime.

    4. What are the main types of U.S. nickels?

    The four major nickel series are:

    • Shield Nickel: 1866–1883

    • Liberty Head or “V” Nickel: 1883–1913

    • Buffalo or Indian Head Nickel: 1913–1938

    • Jefferson Nickel: 1938–present

    Each series contains distinctive designs, key dates, varieties, and collectible issues.

    5. What is a Shield Nickel?

    The Shield Nickel was America's first copper-nickel five-cent coin. It was produced between 1866 and 1883. Early examples appeared with rays around the number 5 on the reverse, while later pieces were struck without rays.

    6. What is a Liberty Head Nickel?

    The Liberty Head Nickel, commonly called the V Nickel because of the large Roman numeral V on its reverse, was produced from 1883 through 1912 for regular circulation, with five famous 1913-dated examples also known.

    7. Why is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel famous?

    Only five 1913 Liberty Head Nickels are known. Their unusual origin, extreme rarity, and long-established collector demand have made them some of the most famous and valuable coins in American numismatics.

    8. What is a Buffalo Nickel?

    Buffalo Nickels were struck from 1913 through 1938. The obverse shows a Native American portrait, while the reverse features an American bison. The series is admired for its distinctive artistic design and numerous collectible varieties.

    9. Which Buffalo Nickels are especially valuable?

    Important Buffalo Nickel issues include the 1913-S Type 2, 1918/7-D overdate, and 1937-D Three-Legged variety. Value depends heavily on authenticity, condition, strike quality, and rarity.

    10. What is the 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo Nickel?

    The famous 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo Nickel resulted from excessive die polishing that removed much of one of the bison's front legs. Genuine examples are highly sought after.

    11. What are Jefferson Nickels?

    Jefferson Nickels were introduced in 1938. The traditional design features Thomas Jefferson on the obverse and his Monticello home on the reverse. The series remains one of the easiest U.S. coin collections for beginners to start.

    12. What are Wartime Silver Nickels?

    From 1942 through 1945, certain Jefferson Nickels were produced with a composition containing 35% silver because nickel was an important strategic metal during World War II.

    13. How can I identify a silver wartime nickel?

    Wartime silver nickels normally display a large P, D, or S mint mark above Monticello on the reverse. These oversized mint marks help distinguish them from regular Jefferson Nickels.

    14. What is the normal composition of a U.S. nickel?

    Standard U.S. nickels are generally composed of 75% copper and 25% nickel. Wartime issues used a different alloy containing silver, copper, and manganese.

    15. What mint marks appear on U.S. nickels?

    Common mint marks include:

    • P — Philadelphia

    • D — Denver

    • S — San Francisco

    Some earlier Philadelphia issues have no mint mark.

    16. What are the most valuable U.S. nickels?

    Famous collectible nickels include the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel, 1885 Liberty Head Nickel, 1918/7-D Buffalo Nickel, 1937-D Three-Legged Buffalo Nickel, and selected rare Jefferson Nickel varieties.

    17. Are Buffalo Nickels valuable?

    Many circulated Buffalo Nickels are relatively affordable, but scarce dates, varieties, and high-grade examples can command hundreds or thousands of dollars. Exceptional rarities can be worth considerably more.

    18. Are Jefferson Nickels worth collecting?

    Yes. Although many circulated Jefferson Nickels remain close to face value, collectors seek wartime silver issues, low-mintage dates, proof coins, errors, and exceptionally well-struck examples.

    19. What does “Full Steps” mean on a Jefferson Nickel?

    Full Steps refers to clearly separated steps visible at the base of Monticello. Coins with strong, uninterrupted step detail can receive special designations from grading services and may command significant premiums.

    20. What errors can occur on U.S. nickels?

    Collectible nickel errors and varieties can include off-center strikes, doubled dies, die cracks, clipped planchets, wrong-planchet strikes, repunched mint marks, and other minting abnormalities.

    21. Should old nickels be cleaned?

    No. Cleaning can permanently damage a coin's natural surface and significantly reduce collector value. Coins should generally be left in their original condition.

    22. How should U.S. nickels be stored?

    Store collectible nickels in quality coin flips, capsules, holders, or albums. Keep them in a dry, temperature-stable environment and avoid touching the surfaces with bare fingers.

    23. Can U.S. nickels be professionally graded?

    Yes. Professional grading services such as PCGS and NGC authenticate coins, assign numerical grades, and encapsulate qualifying pieces in protective holders.

    24. Are modern nickels worth collecting?

    Modern nickels can be interesting because of proof issues, special finishes, low-population high-grade examples, varieties, and mint errors. Collectors can also build complete date-and-mint-mark sets inexpensively.

    25. How should beginners start collecting U.S. nickels?

    Jefferson Nickels are an excellent starting point. Beginners can search circulated coins, organize them by date and mint mark, use a coin album, study grading standards, and gradually add scarcer pieces.

    Conclusion

    U.S. nickels offer more than 150 years of American history in an affordable five-cent denomination. From early Shield and Liberty Head Nickels to Buffalo designs, silver wartime issues, and modern Jefferson Nickels, the series provides opportunities for collectors at almost every budget level.

    Learning about key dates, mint marks, Full Steps designations, silver compositions, grading, and genuine mint errors can help collectors make better purchasing and collecting decisions. Whether building a complete nickel set or searching for individual rarities, U.S. nickels remain an important and fascinating part of American coin collecting.

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